以下問題発生
$ cat ./test.py import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt print("test") $ python ./test.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "./test.py", line 2, in <module> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt File "/Users/pike/.pyenv/versions/3.5.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 115, in <module> _backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup() File "/Users/pike/.pyenv/versions/3.5.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/__init__.py", line 32, in pylab_setup globals(),locals(),[backend_name],0) File "/Users/pike/.pyenv/versions/3.5.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py", line 19, in <module> from matplotlib.backends import _macosx RuntimeError: Python is not installed as a framework. The Mac OS X backend will not be able to function correctly if Python is not installed as a framework. See the Python documentation for more information on installing Python as a framework on Mac OS X. Please either reinstall Python as a framework, or try one of the other backends. If you are using (Ana)Conda please install python.app and replace the use of 'python' with 'pythonw'. See 'Working with Matplotlib on OSX' in the Matplotlib FAQ for more information.
対策
以下ファイルを生成してOK
$ cat ./.matplotlib/matplotlibrc backend : TkAgg